Mogamulizumab for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: a literature review

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive T-cell malignancy secondary to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Due to its rapid disease progression and resistance to conventional treatment, the outcome of ATLL remains poor. Approximately 25% of ATLL patients harbor a gain-of-function mutation in the C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4). Mogamulizumab, a humanized anti-CCR4 monoclonal IgG antibody, has emerged as a novel treatment option for both newly diagnosed ATLL and relapsed/refractory ATLL. Despite the presence of several clinical trials and retrospective analyses addressing the combination of mogamulizumab with chemotherapy, there is no clear understanding of the totality of the evidence in this space. We sought to review the literature published on this topic.