Third line scenario in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: is the anti-angiogenetic strategy the only actor up to now?

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Among all the different types, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80–85% and most patients (70%) are diagnosed at advanced disease (1). In the last decade, targeted therapies for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) or ROS1 rearrangements, together with immunotherapy have modified therapeutic landscape in metastatic NSCLC (2).