Prospects for cost-effective lung cancer screening using risk calculators

Lung cancer is the most common cancer and greatest cancer killer worldwide (1). With up to 85% of lung cancers caused by tobacco smoke, it is a largely preventable disease (2). Since the US Surgeon General’s report on the health hazards of smoking in 1967 (3), ongoing and comprehensive tobacco control has resulted in declining smoking and lung cancer rates in many high-income populations.