Cancer immunotherapy: accelerating the immune response without releasing the brakes

Immuno-oncology, or oncoimmunology, is an area of research that has developed rapidly in recent years. This development has been fueled by the deep basic knowledge generated by studying immune regulation to induce positive or negative signals to improve immune responses or stop those responses when necessary. On the other hand, multiple mechanisms of escape, as well as basic knowledge on carcinogenesis and metastasis, have also reached new heights, so that putting such knowledge together may help to fight against different types of cancer.